What is Osteoarthritis and Why is it a Problem?

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a crippling disease that is caused by the breakdown of cartilage within joints. While the exact cause of OA remains unknown, post-traumatic injuries (e.g., ACL tear) and age-related wear and tear of the joints significantly increase the incidence of the disease. Over 30 million people are treated for arthritis-related pain in the United States alone, placing a $185B burden on our healthcare system and economy. Missed work, lost productivity, and excessive medical expenditure all result from the lack of an effective treatment. Post-traumatic arthritis (PTOA) is another common form of osteoarthritis that occurs due to a physical injury of any kind to a joint, affecting approximately 5.6 million people in the United States. The injury could be from sports, a vehicle accident, a fall, a military injury, or any other source of physical trauma. Such injuries can damage the cartilage and/or the bone, changing the mechanics of the joint and making it wear out more quickly. The wearing-out process is accelerated by continued injury and excess body weight. The discovery of a safe, effective therapy for OA and PTOA would have an enormous impact on the well-being of our nation’s population and significantly reduce the burden placed on our economy.

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